Hauv cov txheej txheem vuam, muaj ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau. Ib zaug tsis quav ntsej, nws muaj peev xwm ua yuam kev loj. Yog tias tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem vuam, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo mloog cov ntsiab lus no. Yog tias koj cuam tshuam nrog kev sib tsoo tsis zoo, ces koj tseem yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau cov teeb meem no!
1. Vuam kev tsim kho tsis tau them sai sai rau xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws voltage
[Phenomena]Thaum vuam, tib qhov hluav taws xob arc raug xaiv tsis hais qhov loj ntawm qhov zawj, txawm tias nws yog priming, txhaws, npog, lossis qhov loj ntawm qhov zawj. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, qhov yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau qhov tob thiab dav yuav tsis ua tiav, thiab cov teeb meem xws li undercuts, pores, thiab splashes yuav tshwm sim.
[Kev ntsuas]Feem ntau, raws li cov xwm txheej sib txawv, qhov sib thooj ntev arc lossis luv arc yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li tau txais kev vuam zoo thiab ua haujlwm zoo. Piv txwv li, luv luv arc lag luam yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau txais kev nkag tau zoo dua thaum lub sij hawm vuam hauv qab, thiab lub arc voltage yuav tsim nyog nce nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau txais ntau dua efficiency thiab nkag dav dav thaum muab tub lim welding los yog npog welding.
2. Vuam tsis tswj vuam tam sim no
[Phenomena]Thaum lub sij hawm welding, thiaj li yuav ua rau kom qhov kev nce qib, lub pob tw weld ntawm nruab nrab thiab hnyav phaj tsis grooved. Lub zog Performance index txo qis, lossis txawm tias ua tsis tau raws li tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua, thiab cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm khoov, uas yuav ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob qij txha tsis tuaj yeem lav thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qauv.
[Kev ntsuas]Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, vuam tam sim no yuav tsum tau tswj raws li cov vuam tam sim no hauv cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, thiab tso cai rau ib qho 10-15% ntab. Qhov loj ntawm blunt ntug ntawm qhov zawj yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 6 hli. Thaum lub pob tw sib koom, thaum lub phaj thickness tshaj 6 hli, bevel yuav tsum tau qhib rau vuam.
3. Tsis txhob xyuam xim rau qhov vuam ceev thiab vuam tam sim no, thiab siv cov electrode txoj kab uas hla ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.
[Phenomena]Thaum vuam, tsis txhob xyuam xim tswj cov vuam ceev thiab vuam tam sim no, thiab siv cov electrode txoj kab uas hla thiab vuam txoj hauj lwm sib haum xeeb. Piv txwv li, thaum welding hauv qab lub kaum ntse ntse nkag mus, vim qhov nqaim ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, yog tias qhov vuam ceev nrawm dhau, cov hauv paus roj thiab cov slag suav nrog tsis muaj sijhawm txaus los tawm, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Kev nkag mus tsis tiav, slag suav nrog, thiab pores ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. ; Thaum lub sij hawm npog vuam, yog tias qhov vuam ceev ceev heev, nws yooj yim los tsim qhov pores; Yog tias qhov vuam ceev qeeb dhau, qhov vuam qhov siab yuav siab dhau thiab cov duab yuav tsis zoo; Thaum welding nyias daim hlau los yog welds nrog me me blunt npoo, qhov vuam ceev yog siab dhau. Slow, nquag hlawv los ntawm thiab lwm yam.
[Kev ntsuas]Vuam ceev muaj feem cuam tshuam rau vuam zoo thiab vuam ntau lawm efficiency. Kev xaiv yuav tsum yog raws li cov vuam tam sim no, vuam txoj hauj lwm (rov qab vuam, muab tub lim vuam, npog vuam), vuam thickness, thiab zawj loj los xaiv qhov tsim nyog vuam ntawm qhov chaw ua kom muaj kev nkag mus, yooj yim tawm ntawm cov pa roj thiab vuam slag, tsis muaj hluav taws kub. , thiab zoo sib sau, ib tug loj vuam ceev yog xaiv los txhim kho productivity thiab efficiency.
4. Tsis txhob xyuam xim rau kev tswj lub arc ntev thaum vuam
[Phenomena]Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, qhov ntev arc tsis raug kho raws li qhov zawj daim ntawv, tus naj npawb ntawm vuam txheej, daim ntawv vuam, thiab hom electrode. Nws yog qhov nyuaj kom tau txais cov welds zoo vim yog siv tsis raug ntawm qhov vuam arc ntev.
[Kev ntsuas]Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov zoo ntawm vuam seam, luv luv arc lag luam feem ntau yog siv thaum lub sij hawm vuam, tab sis qhov tsim nyog arc ntev tuaj yeem xaiv raws li qhov sib txawv kom tau txais qhov zoo tshaj plaws vuam zoo, xws li V-groove taub qab, fillet sib koom ua ntej. thawj txheej yuav tsum siv lub luv luv arc kom nkag mus yam tsis muaj undercutting, thiab thib ob txheej yuav ntev me ntsis los sau cov weld. Thaum qhov sib txawv weld me me, yuav tsum siv lub arc luv. Thaum qhov sib txawv loj, lub arc tuaj yeem ntev me ntsis thiab qhov vuam ceev tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm. Cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm vuam arc yuav tsum yog luv tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob molten hlau los ntawm ntws; Txhawm rau tswj qhov kub ntawm lub pas dej molten thaum lub sijhawm vuam ntsug thiab kab rov tav vuam, me me tam sim no thiab luv arc vuam yuav tsum tau siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntawm vuam yog txais, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj kom lub arc ntev tsis hloov thaum lub sij hawm lub zog, thiaj li yuav xyuas kom meej tias fusion dav thiab nkag mus rau qhov tob ntawm tag nrho cov weld zoo ib yam.
5. Welding tsis xyuam xim rau kev tswj vuam deformation
[Phenomena]Thaum vuam, peb tsis xyuam xim rau kev tswj lub deformation nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm vuam ib ntus, kev npaj neeg ua hauj lwm, groove daim ntawv, vuam specification xaiv thiab kev ua hauj lwm txoj kev, thiab lwm yam, ua rau lub loj deformation tom qab vuam, nyuaj kho, thiab nce nqi, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov phaj tuab thiab cov workpieces loj. Kev kho yog qhov nyuaj, thiab kev kho kho tshuab tuaj yeem ua rau tawg yooj yim los yog laminar tearing. Tus nqi ntawm kev ncaj nrog cov nplaim taws yog siab thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis yooj yim ua rau lub workpiece overheat. Rau cov khoom ua haujlwm nrog cov kev xav tau siab, tsis ua haujlwm zoo los tswj kev deformation yuav ua rau lub installation loj ntawm lub workpiece ua tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv, thiab txawm ua rau rework lossis seem.
[Kev ntsuas]Txais yuav qhov tsim nyog vuam ib ntus thiab xaiv qhov tsim nyog vuam specifications thiab cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm, thiab tseem txais kev tiv thaiv kev deformation thiab nruj kho ntsuas.
6. Multi-layer welding tsis txuas ntxiv thiab tsis xyuam xim rau kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg
[Phenomena]Thaum vuam cov phaj tuab nrog ntau txheej txheej, tsis txhob xyuam xim rau kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Yog hais tias lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntev dhau lawm, nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas yuav ua rau cov kab nrib pleb ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog welding tsis re-preheating; Yog tias lub sijhawm luv luv, qhov kub ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg luv dhau. Yog tias nws siab dhau (ntau tshaj 900 degree), nws tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov vuam thiab qhov chaw kub kub, ua rau cov nplej ntxhib, ua rau txo qis tawv thiab plasticity, ua rau muaj peev xwm zais kev phom sij rau kev sib koom tes.
[Myooj yim]Thaum lub phaj tuab yog welded nrog ntau txheej, kev tswj ntawm qhov kub ntawm interlayer yuav tsum muaj zog. Thaum lub sij hawm nruam vuam txheej txheem, qhov kub ntawm lub hauv paus hlau yuav tsum tau welded yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam, kom lub interlayer kub yuav ua tau raws li zoo raws li lub preheating kub. Qhov kub siab tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau tswj. Lub sijhawm vuam yuav tsum tsis txhob ntev dhau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm vuam cuam tshuam, tsim nyog tom qab cua sov thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua. Thaum vuam rov ua dua, qhov rov ua dua qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tsim nyog siab dua qhov pib ua ntej cua sov.
7. Yog hais tias ntau txheej vuam seam tsis tshem tawm cov vuam slag thiab qhov chaw ntawm vuam seam tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem vuam yuav tsum tau nqa tawm.
[Phenomenon]Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau txheej welding ntawm tuab daim hlau, txheej qis yog welded ncaj qha yam tsis tau tshem tawm cov vuam slag thiab tsis xws luag tom qab txhua txheej ntawm vuam tiav. txaws.
[Myooj yim]Thaum vuam tuab daim hlau nrog ntau txheej, txhua txheej yuav tsum tau welded tsis tu ncua. Tom qab txhua txheej ntawm welds yog welded, vuam slag, weld defects thiab spatters yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, thiab slag inclusions, pores, tawg thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag uas cuam tshuam rau vuam zoo yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tag nrho ua ntej welding.
8. Lub pob tw los yog kaum pob tw ua ke weld uas yuav tsum tau nkag mus yog qhov tsis txaus
[Phenomena]T-joints, hla cov pob qij txha, cov pob qij txha fillet thiab lwm cov pob qij txha los yog cov pob tw pob tw ua ke uas yuav tsum tau nkag mus, qhov loj ntawm qhov vuam ko taw tsis txaus, lossis lub vev xaib thiab lub tis sab sauv ntawm crane nqaj lossis cov khoom zoo sib xws yog tsim los nrog kev kuaj xyuas qaug zog. Lub vuam ceg loj ntawm lub phaj ntug kev sib txuas vuam tsis txaus, yog li ntawd lub zog thiab nruj ntawm vuam yuav tsis ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim.
[Kev ntsuas]Butt sib koom welds uas yuav tsum tau nkag mus, xws li T-joints, cross pob qij txha, fillet pob qij txha, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum muaj txaus welding ceg raws li tsim nyog. Feem ntau, qhov loj ntawm lub vuam ceg yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg dua 0.25t (t yog qhov sib txuas taw tes) thinner phaj thickness). Lub weld ko taw loj ntawm kev sib txuas weld nruab nrab ntawm lub crane girder los yog lub vev xaib zoo sib xws thiab lub flange sab sauv tsim nrog kev kuaj xyuas qaug zog yog 0.5t, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob loj dua 10mm. Qhov tso cai sib txawv ntawm vuam qhov ntev yog 0 txog 4 hli.
9. Weld lub taub hau electrode lossis hlau thaiv hauv qhov sib koom ua ke
[Phenomenon]Vim tias nws nyuaj rau fuse lub taub hau electrode los yog hlau thaiv nrog cov welded ib feem thaum lub sij hawm vuam, nws yuav ua rau vuam tsis xws luag xws li tsis tiav fusion thiab tsis tiav kev nkag mus, thiab txo qhov kev sib txuas lub zog. Xws li sau nrog cov lus qhia rusted electrode thiab hlau thaiv, nws yog ib qho nyuaj los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom ntawm lub hauv paus hlau zoo ib yam; xws li sau nrog cov lus qhia electrode thiab cov hlau thaiv nrog cov roj stains, impurities, thiab lwm yam, nws yuav ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li pores, slag inclusions, thiab tawg hauv qhov vuam. Tag nrho cov xwm txheej no yuav txo tau qhov zoo ntawm cov vuam seam ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke, ua tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev tsim thiab kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau vuam seam.
[Myooj yim] <1>Thaum sib dhos qhov sib txawv ntawm lub workpiece yog loj, tab sis tsis tshaj qhov kev tso cai ntau yam, thiab sib dhos qhov sib txawv tshaj lub thickness ntawm nyias phaj los ntawm 2 zaug los yog ntau tshaj 20 hli, txoj kev surfacing yuav tsum tau siv los sau cov concave ib feem los yog txo qhov sib dhos sib dhos. Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub siv txoj kev sau lub taub hau electrode lossis hlau thaiv rau kev kho vuam hauv qhov sib koom ua ke.<2>Thaum scribing cov khoom, ua tib zoo saib kom tso nyiaj txaus txiav thiab vuam shrinkage nyiaj pub dawb tom qab txiav, tswj qhov loj ntawm qhov chaw, thiab tsis txhob nce qhov kev tshem tawm kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho qhov loj me.
10. Thaum siv daim hlau sib txawv thicknesses thiab dav, qhov kev hloov tsis du
[Phenomena]Thaum siv daim hlau sib txawv ntawm thicknesses thiab dav mus rau lub pob tw, tsis txhob xyuam xim rau seb lub thickness txawv ntawm daim hlau yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev tso cai ntawm tus qauv. Yog tias nws tsis nyob rau hauv qhov kev tso cai thiab kev hloov pauv tsis tau ua tiav, lub vuam seam yuav yooj yim ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab vuam tsis zoo xws li kev tsis sib haum xeeb thaum lub thickness ntawm cov vuam yog siab dua li cov thickness ntawm daim ntawv, uas yuav cuam tshuam. qhov vuam zoo.
[Kev ntsuas]Thaum cov kev cai cuam tshuam tau dhau lawm, lub vuam yuav tsum tau welded rau hauv txoj kab nqes, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws txoj kab nqes yuav tsum yog 1: 2.5; los yog ib lossis ob sab ntawm cov tuab yuav tsum tau ua tiav rau hauv txoj kab nqes ua ntej vuam, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws txoj kab nqes yuav tsum yog 1: 2.5, txoj kab nqes ntawm cov txheej txheem txoj kab nqes uas yog ncaj qha mus rau dynamic load thiab yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam rau qaug zog yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav. ntau 1:4. Thaum cov phiaj xwm sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv yog butted, thermal txiav, machining lossis sib tsoo txoj kev yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv zoo raws li lub Hoobkas thiab qhov chaw, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov kev tso cai nqes hav ntawm kev sib txuas yog 1: 2.5.
11. Tsis txhob xyuam xim rau qhov sib txuas ntawm cov khoom sib txuas nrog cov welds
[Phenomena]Rau cov khoom siv nrog hla welds, qhov sib txuas vuam tsis zoo los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm vuam kev ntxhov siab tso tawm thiab vuam kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov deformation ntawm cov khoom, tab sis cov ntsug thiab kab rov tav welding yog randomly ua, ua rau kev sib nrig sib tuav ntawm ntsug thiab kab rov tav. seams, uas ua rau loj Qhov kub shrinkage kev nyuaj siab yuav deform lub phaj, nto ntawm lub phaj yuav tsis sib xws, thiab nws yuav ua rau tawg nyob rau hauv lub vuam.
[Kev ntsuas]Rau cov khoom uas muaj kev sib tw welds, ib qho kev sib txuas tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tsim. Thaum muaj ob peb ntsug thiab kab rov tav hla welds rau vuam, kab rov tav seam nrog loj shrinkage deformation yuav tsum tau welded ua ntej, thiab ces lub longitudinal weld yog welded, yog li ntawd lub transverse weld yuav tsis raug txwv los ntawm longitudinal weld, kom lub shrinkage. kev nyuaj siab ntawm kab rov tav seam yuav raug txo. Tso tawm yam tsis muaj kev txwv los txo cov vuam deformation thiab xyuas kom zoo weld, los yog weld taub qab welds ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd fillet welds
12. Thaum nyob ib puag ncig vuam yog saws rau lub puab tsaig sib koom ua ke ntawm profiled steel tswv cuab, nruam vuam yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum.
[Phenomena]Thaum lub puab tsaig sib koom ua ke ntawm ntu steel pas nrig thiab lub phaj txuas ntxiv yog welded, vuam seam ntawm ob sab ntawm tus pas nrig yog thawj zaug welded, thiab qhov kawg vuam seam yog welded tom qab, thiab vuam tsis tu ncua. Txawm hais tias qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los txo cov vuam deformation, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim kev ntxhov siab thiab vuam tsis xws luag ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm tus pas nrig, uas cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov pob qij txha welded.
[Kev ntsuas]Thaum cov vuam ib puag ncig yog siv rau lub puab tsaig sib koom ua ke ntawm ntu steel cov tswv cuab, nws yuav tsum ua kom tiav los ntawm ib qho txuas txuas ntxiv ntawm lub ces kaum, thiab nws yuav tsum tsis txhob welded mus rau lub ces kaum thiab khiav mus rau lwm sab rau vuam.
13. Kev sib npaug ntawm lub pob tw pob qij txha yuav tsum tau muaj, thiab tsis muaj arc-pib daim hlau thiab cov hlau lead-tawm daim hlau ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm lub crane nqaj tis phaj thiab lub vas sab phaj.
[Phenomena]Thaum welding pob tw welds, tag nrho nkag mus fillet welds, thiab welds nruab nrab ntawm lub crane girder flange phaj thiab lub web, lub arc ignition phaj thiab cov hlau phaj tsis ntxiv rau ntawm lub arc ignition thiab lead-out, yog li ntawd thaum welding pib thiab xaus. xaus, vim hais tias tam sim no thiab voltage tsis ruaj khov txaus, thiab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov pib thiab qhov kawg cov ntsiab lus tsis ruaj khov txaus, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua qhov tsis xws luag xws li tsis tiav fusion, tsis tiav kev nkag mus, tawg, slag inclusions, thiab pores nyob rau hauv lub pib thiab xaus welds, uas txo lub zog ntawm lub vuam thiab ua tsis tau raws li cov qauv tsim.
[Kev ntsuas]Thaum welding pob tw welds, tag nrho kev nkag mus rau fillet welds, thiab welds ntawm crane girder flanges thiab webs, arc-pib daim hlau thiab cov hlau lead-tawm daim hlau yuav tsum tau ntsia rau ntawm ob qhov kawg ntawm weld los tiv thaiv tom qab qhov tsis xws luag yog kos tawm ntawm lub workpiece, qhov tsis xws luag yog muab faib los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm weld.
