Vuam khoom qhuab qhia nrog|Coj koj mus nkag siab txog cov vuam vuam vuam viav vias-lub tshuab tsoo lub tshuab nqus tsev
Yog tias koj xav tau weld ua haujlwm nrog cov tsos zoo nkauj, kev hloov du thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag, ces nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom nkag siab txog cov vuam tsis xws luag hauv cov txheej txheem welding. Nws yuav txo qhov ua tiav ntawm vuam cov khoom lag luam, ua rau lub neej luv luv ntawm kev pab cuam ntawm vuam cov khoom lag luam, thiab tseem ua rau muaj xwm txheej.
Peb tau siv plaub zaj lus qhia coj koj rau kev nkag siab zoo ntawm vuam tawg cov tsis xws luag ntawm cov hlau tsis xws luag. Kuv ntseeg tias txhua tus tau ua nws zoo. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tawg tsis xws luag, tseem muaj vuam cov tsis xws luag xws li tshuab tawg, tsej tsem, txuas lub pob, thiab pob tw, uas yuav tsum tau maj mam maj mam ua.
Niaj hnub no, Peb tseem yuav txuas ntxiv coj koj mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb vuam thiab nkag siab txog qhov tawg ntawm cov hlau tsis xws luag. Vuam cua qhov yog qhov tsim nyob rau hauv lub weld seam los ntawm cov pa roj nyob rau hauv vuam molten pas. Feem ntau suav nrog carbon monoxide pores, hydrogen pores thiab nitrogen pores.
Kev carbon monoxide pores
Yog vim li cas rau tiam ntawm CO pores feem ntau yog tias FeO thiab C hauv pas dej da dej uas muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li hauv qab no:
FeO + C=Fe + CO
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau nce mus txuas ntxiv thaum tus pas dej khoob nyob ntawm qhov kub crystallization. Vim tias cov pas dej molten tau pib ua haujlwm rau lub sijhawm no, CO gas tsis yooj yim khiav, yog li CO pores tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub weld.
Yog tias lub vuam hlau muaj cov khoom txaus deoxidizing Si thiab Mn, thiab cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm cov hlau tsis pub siv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab saud tuaj yeem raug txo thiab lub cim ntawm CO pores tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau zoo. Yog li ntawd, hauv CO2 arc vuam, ntev li ntev tau lub vuam hlau yog xaiv tau zoo, muaj peev xwm tsim CO pores muaj tsawg heev.
Hydrogen Qhov
Yog tias qhov ntau ntawm hydrogen tau yaj nyob rau hauv pas dej da dej ntawm qhov kub thiab tsis tuaj yeem tawm hauv lub sijhawm hauv cov txheej txheem crystallization, nws yuav nyob hauv cov hlau txuas los tsim ua lub qhov hws.
Cov tshuaj hydrogen hauv arc tsuas yog los ntawm cov roj thiab xeb ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj vuam, qhov chaw ua haujlwm, thiab cov dej noo nyob hauv cov roj tiv thaiv. Roj stains yog hydrocarbons, thiab xeb muaj dej crystalline, uas tuaj yeem decompose hydrogen ntawm qhov kub ntawm lub arc. Txo cov nyiaj ntawm hydrogen yaj nyob rau hauv lub pas dej molten tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog tiv thaiv hydrogen roj qhov, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho qhov plasticity ntawm lub hlau hlau. Yog li ntawd, ntawm ib sab tes, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov roj thiab xeb ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm ua ntej ua haujlwm vuam; ntawm qhov tod tes, cov roj huv hauv kev tiv thaiv siv, thiab cov dej noo hauv cov roj yog feem ntau qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau lub qhov dej hydrogen.
Tsis tas li ntawd, hydrogen yog yaj nyob rau hauv pas dej khoob hauv daim ntawv ntawm ions. Thaum thim rov qab polarity ntawm DC, lub pas dej molten yog qhov tsis zoo electrode, emitting ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob, yog li cov hydrogen ions nyob rau saum npoo ntawm pas dej molten recombine rau hauv atoms, yog li txo qhov hydrogen ions nkag hauv pas dej molten. Kom muaj nuj nqis. Yog li no, thaum lub DC polarity thim rov qab, cov ntsiab lus hydrogen hauv qhov weld yog 1/3 txog 1/5 ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws polarity, thiab cov nyiam ntawm kev tsim cov hydrogen qhov tseem me dua li ntawm qhov zoo polarity.
Nitrogen Qhov
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau lub qhov txhab ntawm nitrogen hauv qhov weld yog tias cov huab cua tiv thaiv thaiv cov pa tawg, thiab ntau qhov cua nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw vuam. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua rau cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov huab cua shielding yog: me me dhau ntawm cov roj ntws, lub nozzle muaj qee qhov thaiv los ntawm qhov sib txawv, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub nozzle thiab lub workpiece yog qhov loj heev, thiab muaj cua tom qab ntawm qhov chaw vuam. Yog li, kev tsim nyog nce cov kev khiav dej ntawm kev tiv thaiv roj kom ntseeg tau tus du ntawm txoj kev roj thiab qhov kev ruaj khov thiab kev cia siab ntawm cov roj av yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv nitrogen qhov hauv qhov txuas.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem cov txheej txheem tseem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ntawm lub qhov hws. Qhov siab dua ntawm arc voltage, ntau dua qhov ua tau ntawm huab cua nkag, thiab qhov ntau dua nws yuav tsim tshuab. Lub vuam ceev ceev cuam tshuam feem ntau crystallization ceev ntawm pas dej da ceev. Yog hais tias lub vuam ceev qeeb, qhov crystallization ntawm lub pas dej molten yog qeeb, thiab cov pa roj tau yooj yim dhau; yog hais tias lub vuam kev ceev nrawm thiab qhov quaj crystallization ntawm lub pas dej molten yog ceev, cov roj tsis yooj yim mus tawm, thiab nws yog qhov yooj yim los tsim pores.
Kev hais lus, qhov kev ntsuas kom tiv thaiv qhov hws hauv lub weld yog txwv cov roj yaj lossis tiam nyob hauv lub pas dej yaj thiab kom tshem tawm cov roj hauv lub pas dej molten.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub cim ntawm vuam porosity, cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tuaj yeem saws:
1.Txoj kev siv roj
Cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide lossis xeb thiab cov roj tso rau sab saum npoo ntawm cov haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab cov hlau txhuam hlau yuav tsum raug kho zoo. Qhov weld zawj yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav kom huv, thiab cov electrode yuav tsum tau muab ziab kom ua raws li cov kev cai ua ntej siv.
2.Cov kev xaiv xaiv ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus uas siv hlau txuas
Kev xaiv ntawm vuam cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, thiab cov kev ua kom haum nrog cov khoom siv hauv paus yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Piv txwv li, cov hluav taws xob qis-hydrogen electrode muaj qhov tsis zoo xeb tsis zoo, thiab nws yog qhov yooj yim los tsim lub qhov hws thaum muaj xeb, thaum cov kua hluav taws xob muaj cov xeb zoo.
3.Cov khoom siv tes ua cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem vuam yog tsim cov kev ua kom muaj zog rau cov roj ntws hauv lub pas dej molten, thiab tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tswj kev tshem tawm cov roj puag ncig lub arc rau hauv hlau molten.
