Tom qab qhov kev pom zoo tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm European Parliament, nws yuav raug coj los siv txij lub Ib Hlis 1, 2023, thiab cov peev txheej ntawm cov nuj nqis suav nrog kev lag luam xws li cement, chiv, txhuas thiab hlau. Lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm 2023 mus rau 2025 yuav raug siv, thiab cov nqi ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yuav raug nthuav tawm hauv xyoo 2026.
As the world's first proposal to address climate change in the form of a carbon tariff, it would have profound implications for global trade.
Australian Trade Minister muaj qhov no hais tias:
"We are very concerned that the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is essentially just a new protectionist mechanism that ultimately undermines global free trade and hits homegrown Australian exporters and jobs."
Raws li thaum ntxov xyoo 2008, Krugman, tus yeej Nobel nqi zog hauv kev lag luam, tau tso tawm qhov kev xav pom tseeb ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tariffs raws li WTO lub moj khaum.
He believes that imported products that do not pay carbon tariffs have an "unfair" competitive advantage, so developed countries that have undertaken mandatory emission reduction obligations have the right to choose to take trade measures at the border, increase the cost of foreign producers of similar products, and impose restrictions on imports. Products are taxed proportionally to the carbon dioxide they contain or emitted during production, while tax-exemption or tax rebates are given to products containing carbon dioxide exported from their home country, thus achieving the purpose of "leveling the arena".
Lub EU Carbon Ciam Teb Hloov Kho Mechanism (CBAM) xav kom ntshuam cov pa roj carbon -cov khoom siv hnyav kom ua raws li cov cai kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb los tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam EU lub tsev cog khoom txo qis kev siv zog los ntawm kev xa cov khoom lag luam uas tsis yog -EU lub teb chaws, uas muaj kev hloov pauv huab cua tsawg dua li EU nruj. Nws tseem yuav pab tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntau lawm lossis kev xa khoom ntawm cov pa roj carbon- cov khoom siv hnyav.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb tshiab kawg ntawm Boston Consulting Group (BCG) tau tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam txog kev lag luam ntawm EU carbon tariffs ntawm cov lag luam tseem ceeb thiab pom tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm carbon tariffs ntawm kev lag luam profits yuav siab li 40 feem pua, thiab tuam txhab uas muag nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev lag luam saw yuav. xav tias tus nqi nce. Kev cuam tshuam.
Rau cov tuam txhab sab nraud xa tawm mus rau EU, cov nqi se carbon yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau thaj chaw sib tw, thiab txawm tias hloov pauv thaj chaw ua lag luam mus rau ntau dua, raws li BCG cov kws tshaj lij. Yog tias cov tuam txhab no tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho sai sai rau New Deal los ntawm kev txo lawv cov pa roj carbon monoxide, lawv tuaj yeem poob kev lag luam thiab raug hloov los ntawm lwm lub tuam txhab EU lossis ntau dua carbon- cov tuam txhab ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv lwm lub tebchaws.
The EU CBAM will initially cover five industries including cement, electricity, fertilizer, steel and aluminum. These five industries together account for about 40 percent of the EU's total emissions.
Ntawm 44 kev lag luam uas EU ntseeg tias feem ntau xav tau kev txo qis carbon, 85 feem pua yog cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv, lub zog thiab kev lag luam uas muab cov khoom siv raw rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev lag luam xws li cov khoom siv tshuaj, cov hlau hauv paus, cov khoom siv ntawv thiab cov khoom tsis yog -cov khoom siv hlau ntxhia, txawm tias tsis tshua muaj kev vam khom rau kev lag luam, muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau ntau thiab tseem yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha.
Specific EU CBAM covered products are defined in accordance with the European Combined Nomenclature, which is based on the World Customs Organization's Harmonized System Nomenclature. based on.
Thov nco ntsoov tias 2023-2025 tau raug txheeb xyuas tias yog lub sijhawm hloov pauv rau EU CBAM, thaum lub sijhawm cov neeg xa khoom tsuas yog muaj lub luag haujlwm tshaj tawm thiab tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm nyiaj txiag. Thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv, cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm ib lub hlis twg ntawm lawv cov khoom lag luam tuaj txawv teb chaws, lawv tag nrho cov pa roj carbon emissions, lawv tag nrho cov embodied indirect emissions, thiab cov nqi carbon them nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb rau cov khoom txawv teb chaws.
Txij xyoo 2026, cov neeg xa khoom yuav tsum them tus nqi sib npaug ntawm CBAM daim ntawv pov thawj raws li cov pa roj carbon emissions ntawm lawv cov khoom tuaj.
For our companies exporting to Europe, if the products involve five industries of cement, electricity, fertilizer, steel and aluminum, especially the steel industry, we must pay attention to the changes. Last year, my country's adjustment of export tariffs on steel products has significantly reduced the export of low-end and medium-end steel products.
In fact, last autumn's "power cut and production reduction" was already a test for foreign trade. Please note that this is not a short-term thing! Because my country has promised to "strive to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060". This is the trend!
