Hauv physics thiab hluav taws xob engineering, tus neeg xyuas pib yog ib yam khoom lossis cov khoom siv uas tso cai rau cov dej ntws ntawm cov hluav taws xob hauv ib lossis ntau qhov kev qhia. Ib tug hlau hlau yog ib hom hluav taws xob conductor. Cov hluav taws xob tam sim no yog tsim los ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab cov ions zoo lossis tsis zoo hauv qee kis.
Txhawm rau kom cov dej ntws tam sim no, nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog rau ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm lub tshuab ua cov khoom siv tam sim no mus rau qhov siv nws. Hloov chaw, tus nqi them tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tshem tawm nws cov neeg nyob ze tus nqi kawg uas yuav cuam tshuam nws cov neeg nyob ze thiab mus txog rau thaum cov khoom siv tau nkag mus rau hauv cov neeg siv khoom, yog li lub tshuab fais fab. Qhov tseem ceeb yog dab tsi tshwm sim ntawm no yog ib txoj hlua ntev ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom txawb; tus qauv Drude ntawm conduction piav txog cov txheej txheem no nruj dua. Cov qauv hloov pauv lub zog no ua rau hlau xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau tus neeg xyuas pib ua hlau, yam ntxwv, muaj lub hiav txwv delocalized ntawm electrons uas muab khoom plig rau cov hluav taws xob txaus kom sib tsoo thiab yog li cuam tshuam rau lub zog hloov mus.
Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog lub hauv paus txav hauv cov hlau; Txawm li cas los xij, lwm yam khoom siv xws li cationic electrolyte (s) ntawm lub roj teeb, lossis cov xov tooj ntawm tes ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib proton ntawm cov roj cell cia siab rau cov neeg nqa khoom zoo. Insulators yog cov khoom siv tsis siv nrog ob peb lub xov tooj ntawm tes uas txhawb nqa tsuas yog cov hluav taws xob tsis tseem ceeb.
